In order to comprehend the ground conditions for geotechnical design (foundations, retaining walls, and soil improvement), soil investigation entails performing physical testing on the property. wetness in the soil Water in the soil influences soil conditions and is known as soil moisture. When designing and building a foundation, one must take into account the kind and quantity of soil moisture. Odor, mold, and wood deterioration can result from water collecting in an enclosed location, such the space under a residential crawl space foundation's floor. If a whole basement has water seeping through the walls, the space below may not be suitable for living, working, or storing. Techniques like drain tile, vapor barriers, and appropriate grading around the building's perimeter are frequently employed to stop possible surface and ground water issues. Compaction of soil Applying energy to loose soil to consolidate and eliminate voids increases the density and load-bearing capability of the soil. This process is known as soil compaction. For construction foundations, trench backfills, curbs and gutters, bridge supports, slab work, driveways, walkways, cemeteries, and other restricted work zones, soil compaction is frequently required.